Following are most asked IT Software Engineer Interview Questions, Answers and Tips. These sample IT Software Engineer Interview questions are part of normally asked questionnaire.

IT Software Engineer Interview Questions:

What is Software?

Software is a collection of programs which perform specific task.

What is a variable?

Variable is memory location which is used to store values.

What is Stack? What are the different operations on it?

Stack is data structure which is used to store the information. Stacks are Last in First Out (LIFO) data structure. The different operations on stack are

• Push: push method is used to insert an element in to stack.
• Pop: Pop method is used to remove the element form the stack.

What do you mean thrashing?

Excessive or high paging is called thrashing. It reduces the performance of system.

Mention the features of OOP?

• Features or OOP are.
• Polymorphism
• Data Binding
• Inheritance
• Data Abstraction
• Data Encapsulation
• Dynamic Binding

What is Garbage Collection in java?

Garbage collection is type of automatic memory management. It actually restores the memory used by program like objects and variable etc.

What is a Database?

Database is a collection of data that is organized in such a way that the operations on it like accessing, managing, addition, deletion, update are easy.

What is SQL? What are DML and DDL?

SQL is the acronym for Structured Query Language. This is used to retrieve the data or insert or delete the data from data base. DML means Data Modification Language, which used to modify the data in database. DML includes statements like INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE etc. DDL means Data Definition Language which is used to modify the structure of tables or any other objects in the data base.

What is OOPS and Procedure Oriented Programming?

OOPS stands of Object Oriented Programming. It is considered to be far more better than Procedure Oriented Programming which uses procedures to execute different calculations and etc. Procedure Oriented Programming has lots of demerits like could not reuse code and so on. But Object Oriented Programming used concept called objects and classes which are more similar to real world. It also provides concepts like Polymorphism, code reusability, Data Abstraction etc.

What is the difference between constructor and function?

Constructor is similar to function of a class that is used to create objects of that class. But it has the same name as the class, has no return type, and is invoked/called when we use new operator. Where as the function has its own name ie different than the name of class, it has return type and can be invoked using object.

What is the difference between Delete and Truncate command?

Both removes the data from the table. But the main difference is that Delete command is a logged operation so it is slow. Each record deleted is recorded and hence it can be rolled back but this slows down the deletion process. On the other hand Truncate also removes the records from the table and it is also logged but it logs only the data de-allocation not each record, so this process is much faster than the delete operation and truncate operation can not be rolled back.

What is Stored Procedure and how it differs form Function?

A Stored procedure is a set of SQL statements which performs a specific task. It is stored in the database in complied form hence it executes faster. It accepts input and out put parameters and it allows modular programming. Functions are those which accept some value and returns one value. Functions can be called from part of the SQL but Stored procedure can only be called and cant be used as a part of SQL statement.

What is Normalization? How many types of Normalization are there?

Normalization is the process of minimizing or eliminating redundancy of data in the database. Normalization helps us in properly utilizing the database space and helps us to maintain related data in proper manner. There are 7 Normal forms they are:

• First Normal Form: Eliminate Repeating Groups.
• Second Normal Form: Eliminate Redundant Data.
• Third Normal Form: Eliminate Data Not Dependent on Key.
• BCNF: Boyce-Codd Normal Form.
• Fourth Normal Form: Isolate Independent Multiple Relationships.
• Fifth Normal Form: Isolate Semantically Related Multiple Relationships.
• ONF: Optimal Normal Form.
• DKNF: Domain-Key Normal Form.

What is difference between primary key and unique key?

Both Primary key and Unique Key is used to enforce uniqueness of the column on which they are defined. Primary Key does not allow NULLs where as unique key allows one NULL only.

What is HTML? Where is it used?

HTML is the acronym for Hypertext Markup Language. It is used to display the web pages. It is used to create static web pages which can be published in the internet and can be accessed by different clients.

What is body in html?

Body contains all the contents of the web page like text, image, colors, graphics etc.

What is JavaScript and Java?

Java and Javascript both are different languages both in concept and design. Java is developed by Sun Microsystems where as Javascript is product of Netscape. Both are object oriented language but JavaScript is used with HTML to make is dynamic. It runs on client browser. It is a interpreted language.

What is a Session and mentions its types?

Session can be defined as the space or time between the usage of the application. It is used to maintain the client information and other details. There are two types of session they are persistent session and non persistent session.

What are client side validation and server side validation?

Client side validations are those the validation happens at the browser side. Generally client side validations are done using javascript. The server side validations are done at he server side usually the server side validations are done using some serve side programming like ASP, PHP, C# etc.

What SDLC? What are its types?

SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle. It is the methodology which is used for effective and foolproof software development. It basically describes systematically the different steps or stages involved in the software development. It aims at error free software development and deployment. The different types of SDLC Models are:

• Water fall Model
• Iterative Model
• Spiral Model
• Prototype Model
• RAD Model (Rapid Application Development)
• COCOMO Model
• V-Modle
• Fish Model
• Pett Model

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